Clarifying the Construct of Occupational Engagement for Occupational Therapy Practice

Area of Science:

• Occupational Therapy
• Rehabilitation Sciences
• Human Behavior

Background:

• Occupational engagement (OE) is a central but broadly defined construct in occupational therapy.
• A clearer definition of OE is needed to better understand and articulate occupational therapy practice.
• Existing definitions of OE present challenges for practitioners.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore occupational therapists' perspectives on the construct of occupational engagement (OE).
• To identify essential elements and influencers of OE from the viewpoint of practicing therapists.
• To understand the relationship between OE and occupational performance.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative descriptive study utilizing semistructured interviews.
• Data collected from nine practicing occupational therapists in the Greater Toronto Area.
• Inductive qualitative content analysis to identify emerging themes.

Main Results:

• Therapists described a transition from therapeutic engagement to OE, guided by the client's chosen path.
• Key elements and influencing factors of OE were identified.
• The connection between OE and improved occupational performance was discussed.

Conclusions:

• Findings offer an initial understanding of OE from the perspective of occupational therapists.
• Essential elements for enabling clients to initiate and sustain engagement in therapy and chosen occupations were highlighted.
• Clarifying OE can enhance the explication of occupational therapy practice.