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A Time to Save.

Carol J Baker1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) became a major neonatal pathogen in the 1970s. Research focuses on GBS screening, vaccines, and preventing infant sepsis and meningitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) emerged as a significant human pathogen in the 1970s.
  • GBS causes sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants, replacing *E. coli* as the leading cause.
  • Clinical syndromes vary by age at onset and transmission route.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical account of GBS discovery and clinical manifestations.
  • To review the development of antenatal GBS screening and prophylaxis.
  • To discuss the progress and need for GBS vaccines in pregnant women.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of GBS emergence and clinical syndromes.
  • Examination of the evolution of GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis programs.
  • Analysis of clinical trials for GBS conjugate vaccines.

Main Results:

  • GBS is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
  • Antenatal screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis are now routine.
  • Clinical trials show immunogenicity and safety of GBS conjugate vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • There is an ongoing need to prevent GBS morbidity and mortality in infants.
  • Development of commercial GBS vaccines for routine use in pregnant women is critical.
  • Further research and implementation of preventive strategies are essential.