Disorders characterized by predominant or exclusive dermal inflammation

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunopathology

Background:

• Cutaneous inflammatory disorders often exhibit distinct dermal localization.
• These conditions can be classified by the primary infiltrating cell types: lymphocytes, neutrophils, or eosinophils.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and categorize inflammatory skin disorders based on their predominant cellular infiltrates in the dermis.
• To provide a framework for understanding the diverse presentations of lymphocytic, neutrophilic, and eosinophilic dermatitides.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of cutaneous inflammatory disorders.
• Classification of diseases based on predominant cell type (lymphocytic, neutrophilic, eosinophilic) and mixed patterns.
• Examples of specific conditions within each category are provided.

Main Results:

• Lymphoid lesions include viral exanthems, pigmented purpuras, and lupus tumidus.
• Neutrophilic infiltrates are seen in infections, Sweet syndrome, and hidradenitis suppurativa.
• Eosinophilic lesions encompass arthropod bite reactions, Wells syndrome, and bullous pemphigoid.
• Mixed patterns with eosinophils and neutrophils are observed in drug eruptions and urticarial vasculitis.

Conclusions:

• Cellular infiltrate patterns are crucial for classifying and understanding dermal inflammatory diseases.
• This classification aids in differential diagnosis and management strategies for a wide spectrum of skin conditions.