Gait deviations associated with plantar heel pain: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Orthopedics
• Sports Medicine

Background:

• Plantar heel pain (PHP) is a prevalent condition causing significant pain and mobility issues.
• Gait deviations are often observed in individuals experiencing PHP.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and identify quantitative gait deviations associated with plantar heel pain.
• To establish the evidence level for identified gait variables in PHP.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of studies with quantitative gait data in individuals with PHP.
• Searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases.
• Assessed methodological quality using modified Downs and Black criteria.

Main Results:

• Strong evidence indicates unchanged stance phase duration.
• Moderate to strong evidence shows decreased rearfoot center of pressure duration, impulse, and peak vertical ground reaction force at loading response.
• Compensatory changes include increased midfoot/forefoot contact time, impulse, and altered pronation/supination dynamics.

Conclusions:

• Identified specific foot and ankle gait deviations in individuals with PHP.
• These gait variables can aid in diagnosing movement dysfunction and measuring recovery.
• Further research is required to enhance the clinical relevance and confidence in these gait variables for PHP assessment and treatment.