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Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I01:30

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Specialized care settings or centers are situated in convenient locations within the community and offer care to a specific group or population. They consist of daycare facilities, mental health facilities, rural health facilities, educational institutions, industries, shelters for the homeless, and rehabilitation facilities.
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Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II01:30

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Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
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The nursing process provides a clinical decision-making framework for patients and families to establish and implement a personalized care plan. Since part of the nurse's duties is to teach patients, the steps of the nursing process are the most effective way to approach instruction. The nursing process and the teaching-learning process are inextricably linked.
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Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
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The 4C framework for making reasonable adjustments for people with learning disabilities.

Daniel Marsden1, Rachel Giles2

  • 1Learning disabilities, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford, England.

Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
|January 19, 2017
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The 4C framework helps hospital staff make reasonable adjustments for people with learning disabilities, improving communication, choice-making, collaboration, and coordination for better healthcare access and outcomes.

Keywords:
communicationdisabilitieslearning disabilitiespractice developmentreasonable adjustments

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare access and quality
  • Disability studies
  • Health services research

Background:

  • People with learning disabilities face significant healthcare inequalities.
  • Legal frameworks mandate 'reasonable adjustments' but implementation is often inadequate.
  • Challenges in delivering person-centred care to this population persist in hospital settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize challenges in caring for people with learning disabilities.
  • To develop a framework for making reasonable adjustments in hospitals.
  • To support ward staff in providing safe and effective person-centred care.

Main Methods:

  • Fourth-generation evaluation and collaborative thematic analysis.
  • Data collection through ward manager and matron group meetings.
  • Development of the 4C framework based on identified themes.

Main Results:

  • Four key themes emerged: communication, choice-making, collaboration, and coordination.
  • These themes formed the basis of the 4C framework.
  • The framework aids in identifying and managing care challenges.

Conclusions:

  • The 4C framework supports person-centred care for individuals with learning disabilities in hospitals.
  • It has been utilized for training, audit tools, and competency development.
  • Implementation of the 4C framework can enhance healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.