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[The characteristic changes of immune function with aging].

S Negoro, H Hara, Y Deguchi

    Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis]
    |October 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aging impairs T cell function and reduces interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression, while increasing B cell differentiation capacity and B cell-differentiation factor (BCDF) activity, indicating complex immune system changes with age.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cellular Biology
    • Molecular Genetics

    Context:

    • Age-related immune dysfunction is characterized by reduced responses to foreign antigens and increased auto-antibody production.
    • Understanding these changes at cellular and molecular levels is crucial for addressing age-related diseases.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the functional, molecular, and genetic differences in human lymphocytes between young and aged individuals.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying age-related alterations in T cell and B cell functions.

    Summary:

    • Aged T cells exhibit reduced proliferative responses to antigens and mitogens, with decreased interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression and internalization.
    • While aged B cells show reduced proliferation, their differentiation into IgG and IgA-producing cells increases, alongside elevated B cell-differentiation factor (BCDF) activity.

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  • Age-related decline in T cell proliferation is most pronounced in CD8+ cells, followed by CD4+ cells, and least in B cells. c-myc mRNA degradation is reduced in aged T cells.

    • Impact:

    • Reveals specific cellular and molecular defects in aged lymphocytes, contributing to immunosenescence.
    • Identifies an inverse correlation between IL-2 and BCDF activities, suggesting a regulatory shift in immune responses with aging.
    • Provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for mitigating age-related immune decline.