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Black Phosphorus Rediscovered: From Bulk Material to Monolayers.

Rui Gusmão1, Zdenek Sofer2, Martin Pumera1

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|January 24, 2017
PubMed
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Black phosphorus (BP), a 2D semiconductor, offers tunable properties and high carrier mobility. Research focuses on overcoming its degradation for applications in electronics and photonics.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Black phosphorus (BP) is a thermodynamically stable allotrope of phosphorus with a layered structure.
  • Rediscovered in 2014, BP emerged as a 2D layered nanomaterial with unique electronic and optical properties.
  • Single-layer BP exhibits semiconductor characteristics, including a tunable direct band gap and high carrier mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development and properties of black phosphorus.
  • To highlight the current state of black phosphorus applications in various fields.
  • To discuss challenges and ongoing efforts in black phosphorus research, particularly surface passivation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of black phosphorus synthesis, properties, and applications.
Keywords:
2D nanomaterialsanisotropyblack phosphorusphosphorene

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  • Summary of physical and chemical characteristics of few-layer and single-layer BP.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in BP-based devices and passivation strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Black phosphorus possesses a tunable direct band gap and high in-plane anisotropy.
    • Its high carrier mobility at room temperature makes it suitable for electronic applications.
    • Surface degradation is a key challenge, with van der Waals heterostructures showing promise for passivation.

    Conclusions:

    • Black phosphorus is a promising 2D material with diverse potential applications.
    • Effective passivation strategies are crucial for realizing the full potential of BP.
    • Continued research into BP's properties and applications is vital for technological advancement.