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Coeliac disease and invasive pneumococcal disease: a population-based cohort study
A Röckert Tjernberg1, J Bonnedahl2, M Inghammar3
1Department of Paediatrics,Kalmar County Hospital,Kalmar,Sweden.
Individuals with coeliac disease (CD) may face a higher risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study suggests CD patients could benefit from pneumococcal vaccination, supporting previous research.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Severe infections are known complications of coeliac disease (CD).
- Previous research indicates a potential link between CD and increased infection risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if individuals with coeliac disease (CD) have an elevated risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).
Main Methods:
- A population-based cohort study in Sweden included 29,012 individuals with biopsy-proven CD and 144,257 matched controls.
- IPD events were identified via microbiological databases and national surveillance systems.
- Cox regression analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for IPD.
Main Results:
- A 46% increased risk of IPD was observed in individuals with CD (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.05-2.03).
- After adjusting for socioeconomic status, education, and comorbidities, the risk trended higher but did not reach statistical significance (adjusted HR 1.40, 95% CI 0.99-1.97).
Conclusions:
- The study indicates a trend towards an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in patients with coeliac disease (CD).
- Findings support earlier research and suggest that pneumococcal vaccination may be advisable for individuals with CD.
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