Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 8, 2026
09:12
The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
73.0K
Preparing for Disaster: a Cross-Sectional Study of Social Connection and Gun Violence
Carley Riley1, Brita Roy2, Nurit Harari3
1Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2005, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA. Carley.Riley@cchmc.org.
Summary
Communities facing gun violence can use disaster preparedness strategies. Higher collective efficacy, a measure of community trust and willingness to intervene, is linked to reduced exposure to gun violence.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Persistent gun violence creates negative social, behavioral, and health outcomes, similar to natural disasters.
- A disaster-preparedness framework may offer strategies for community-based interventions against ongoing gun violence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the applicability of a disaster-preparedness approach to gun violence.
- To examine the relationship between perceived collective efficacy and exposure to gun violence.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study in New Haven, CT, using community-based participatory research.
- Adapted the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods Exposure to Violence Scale for gun violence exposure.
- Used the Sampson Collective Efficacy Scale to measure perceived collective efficacy.
Main Results:
- 95% of participants reported hearing gunfire; 58% had a friend/family member killed by gun violence; 33% were present during a shooting.
- Increased perceived collective efficacy was significantly associated with lower reported exposure to gun violence (β = -0.91, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Community members and officials can be engaged in gun violence research.
- A disaster-preparedness framework offers a novel approach for mitigating gun violence exposure in affected communities.
More Related Videos
11:31Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
Published on: November 30, 2015
16.9K
05:03Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
Published on: December 15, 2023
5.1K
Related Concept Videos
01:21Impact of Social Context on Individuals
394
Social psychology examines how the real or imagined presence of others influences individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. A key concept in this field is the role of social context in shaping behavior. The same individual may act differently depending on the social setting, due to the varying expectations and norms associated with each environment. This context-dependent behavior illustrates the influence of social roles, which prescribe appropriate conduct in specific situations.Social...
394
01:50Cross-Sectional Research
12.8K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
12.8K
01:30Social Relationships and Well-Being
385
The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
385
01:26Longitudinal Studies
593
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
593
02:20Longitudinal Research
13.6K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.6K
01:28Impact of Groups on Individuals
441
Groups play a fundamental role in shaping individual behavior, as they establish norms that guide interactions and decision-making. Social psychology examines how individuals conform to group expectations, often adjusting their attitudes and actions to align with group norms. These norms can be formal, such as workplace policies, or informal, such as unspoken social expectations within a fraternity.Conformity and Social InfluenceConformity arises when individuals modify their behaviors or...
441