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Metal Sensitivity in Children
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|January 28, 2017
Summary
Metal sensitivity is common in children, particularly older girls. Patch testing revealed higher rates of allergic reactions to chromium, nickel, and cobalt in children with dermatoses.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Contact Dermatitis
Background:
- Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition in children.
- Metal allergens like nickel, chromium, and cobalt are frequent causes of allergic contact dermatitis.
- Patch testing is a standard diagnostic tool for identifying specific allergens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of metal sensitivity in children.
- To investigate the relationship between age, sex, and metal sensitivity.
- To identify common metal allergens in a pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 100 children underwent patch testing.
- Standard concentrations of nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, and cobalt chloride were used.
- Reactions were assessed to identify positive patch test results.
Main Results:
- 17% of children showed positive reactions to at least one metal allergen.
- Chromium (13%) and nickel (8%) were the most common sensitizers.
- Older children (8-14 years) exhibited significantly higher sensitivity (32.5%) than younger children (2.66%).
- Female children demonstrated a higher incidence of metal sensitivity compared to males.
Conclusions:
- Metal sensitivity is a notable issue in pediatric dermatology.
- Age and sex are significant factors influencing metal allergen prevalence in children.
- Patch testing is crucial for diagnosing metal-induced dermatoses in pediatric patients.
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