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Related Concept Videos

Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

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When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Related Experiment Video

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In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
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Time Dependent Behaviour of Trabecular Bone at Multiple Load Levels.

Shuqiao Xie1, Krishnagoud Manda1, Robert J Wallace2

  • 1Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|January 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone deformation is time-dependent, involving both recoverable and permanent strains. This time-dependent behavior in trabecular bone is non-linear with load and linked to bone volume fraction.

Keywords:
Bone volume fractionCreep complianceCreep-recoverySteady state creep rateViscoelastic

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Orthopedic Research

Background:

  • Bone exhibits complex mechanical properties beyond simple elasticity.
  • Understanding the time-dependent deformation of bone is crucial for predicting its mechanical integrity and failure modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time-dependent mechanical behavior of bovine trabecular bone under compressive loading.
  • To characterize the recoverable and irrecoverable strain components and their relationship with applied load and bone properties.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen bovine trabecular bone specimens were subjected to a cyclic loading protocol: load, creep, unload, and recovery.
  • Tests were performed at multiple load levels, inducing apparent strains from 2000 to 25,000 microstrain (με).
  • Analysis focused on strain response, stiffness changes, and creep rate in relation to load and bone volume fraction.

Main Results:

  • Trabecular bone deformation includes both recoverable and irrecoverable strain components.
  • The strain response demonstrated a nonlinear relationship with applied load levels.
  • Bone stiffness initially increased and then degraded with rising load levels.
  • Steady-state creep rate exhibited a power-law dependence on applied stress and bone volume fraction.

Conclusions:

  • The time-dependent behavior of trabecular bone is complex, involving residual strains even after recovery.
  • Mechanical response and creep are significantly influenced by load magnitude and bone's structural characteristics (bone volume fraction).
  • These findings provide insights into bone's viscoelasticity and its response to mechanical stress over time.