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Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

RNA in extracellular vesicles.

Kyoung Mi Kim¹, Kotb Abdelmohsen¹, Maja Mustapic²

¹Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA

|January 29, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate cell communication by transporting RNAs. These EV RNAs are promising biomarkers for diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.

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Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Published on: January 9, 2012

Area of Science:

Cell biology
Molecular biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, which mediate intercellular communication.
EVs transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, playing roles in physiological processes and diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
EVs are being investigated as biomarkers and therapeutic tools due to their involvement in disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the classes of RNAs found within EVs.
To highlight the significance of EV-resident RNAs as biomarkers.
To discuss the role of EV RNAs in cancer and neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on extracellular vesicles and their RNA content.
Analysis of coding and noncoding RNAs within EVs.
Examination of EV RNA relevance in cancer and neurodegeneration contexts.

Main Results:

EVs contain various coding (messenger RNAs) and noncoding RNAs (long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, circular RNAs).
The detection of EV RNAs, even at low quantities, makes them attractive biomarkers.
EV RNAs are implicated in the progression of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusions:

Extracellular vesicles are crucial mediators of intercellular communication.
EV-resident RNAs represent a significant area of research for disease biomarker discovery.
Understanding EV RNA biology is vital for advancing diagnostics and therapeutics for age-associated diseases.