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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

4.2K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
24.5K

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Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library
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Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library

Published on: April 6, 2012

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microRNA target prediction programs predict many false positives.

Natalia Pinzón1, Blaise Li1, Laura Martinez1

  • 1Institut de Génétique Humaine, CNRS UPR 1142, 34396 Montpellier, France.

Genome Research
|February 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many predicted microRNA targets are biologically irrelevant, often due to conserved binding sites not being functionally significant. This suggests microRNA roles may be overestimated in biological and pathological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators, with computational tools predicting targets based on conserved binding sites.
  • The biological relevance and false positive rates of these predicted miRNA targets are often overlooked in studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the biological relevance of predicted microRNA targets, focusing on miR-223.
  • To investigate the reasons behind conserved microRNA binding site conservation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of miR-223-guided repression in wild-type mice.
  • Examination of human haplo-insufficient genes and their associated microRNA binding sites.
  • Assessment of mRNA's ability to titrate microRNAs.

Main Results:

  • miR-223-guided repression is often smaller than natural gene expression variability.
  • Highly conserved microRNA binding sites are enriched in human haplo-insufficient genes.
  • Conserved binding sites can be independent of microRNA regulation, serving other sequence-related functions.

Conclusions:

  • Many predicted microRNA targets are functionally insensitive and biologically irrelevant.
  • MicroRNA binding site functionality depends on gene dose-sensitivity.
  • The overestimation of microRNA roles may stem from overlooking prediction false positive rates.