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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
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Endoscopic Accessory Navicular Synchondrosis Fusion.

Tun Hing Lui1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Arthroscopy Techniques
|February 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Symptomatic accessory navicular bones, often type II, cause foot pain due to synchondrosis separation. Endoscopic fusion offers a minimally invasive surgical solution for persistent pain.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Foot and Ankle Surgery
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Accessory navicular bones are common foot ossicles, with type II being the most frequent symptomatic presentation.
  • Pain typically arises from synchondrosis separation, exacerbated by posterior tibial tendon forces, hindering healing.
  • Conservative treatments often fail, necessitating surgical intervention for recalcitrant pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe an endoscopic technique for accessory navicular synchondrosis fusion.
  • To highlight the advantages of an endoscopic approach over traditional open surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A technical note detailing an endoscopic surgical procedure for accessory navicular synchondrosis fusion.
  • Focus on the minimally invasive approach and its application.

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Main Results:

  • The endoscopic approach facilitates synchondrosis fusion.
  • Potential benefits include improved cosmesis, reduced scar pain, and lower nonunion rates.
  • Allows for direct visualization of the tibialis posterior tendon and talonavicular joint.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic fusion is a viable surgical option for symptomatic accessory navicular bones.
  • This technique offers advantages in patient recovery and surgical outcomes.
  • Further studies may explore long-term efficacy and patient-reported outcomes.