Parathyroid cysts: the Latin-American experience

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Parathyroid cysts are rare and often unsuspected endocrine diseases.
• Over 300 cases are documented globally, with limited reports from Latin America.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the experience of Colombian centers with parathyroid cysts.
• To review and consolidate Latin American cases of parathyroid cysts.

Main Methods:

• A case series following CARE guidelines.
• Comprehensive literature search of major databases (Medline, Embase, LILACS, Scielo) and expert communication.

Main Results:

• Six cases identified in Colombian centers; most treated with aspiration, two required surgery.
• A total of 18 parathyroid cyst cases were compiled from Latin America, including the series.
• Only one identified case was functional (hormone-producing).

Conclusions:

• Parathyroid cysts are infrequently reported in Latin America, often diagnosed postoperatively.
• Suspicion should arise with clear fluid aspiration; parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurement in cyst fluid aids diagnosis.