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Area of Science:

  • Pain Management
  • Musculoskeletal Health
  • Psychoneuroimmunology

Background:

  • Participant-provider interaction is crucial in therapeutic outcomes.
  • The influence of psychological factors, such as expectations, on pain perception is increasingly recognized.
  • Acute musculoskeletal pain following exercise presents a common clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of positive expectations on pain response to sham treatment.
  • To quantify the effect of participant-provider interaction on pain reduction.
  • To assess functional recovery following exercise-induced acute musculoskeletal pain under different expectation conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Forty healthy adults (18-35 years) participated in three lab sessions.
  • Participants underwent a biceps brachii fatigue protocol.
  • They were randomized to either a positive expectation or no-expectation group before receiving sham laser therapy.

Main Results:

  • The positive expectation group reported significantly lower pain intensity at day 3 follow-up compared to the no-expectation group (34.65 mm vs. 49.4 mm).
  • No significant differences were found between groups for maximum voluntary isometric contraction, QuickDash scores, or relaxed elbow angle.
  • Effect sizes for expected pain differences were small to moderate (d=0.26 to d=0.51).

Conclusions:

  • Positive expectations can enhance pain intensity reduction following sham treatment for acute musculoskeletal pain.
  • Psychological priming does not appear to improve objective functional outcomes in this context.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms linking expectation and pain perception.