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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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Spatial-heterodyne spectrometer for transmission-Raman observations.

M J Foster, J Storey, M A Zentile

    Optics Express
    |February 4, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel transmission Raman spectrometer utilizing a spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) was developed. This instrument efficiently collects light, demonstrating high performance with paracetamol samples without resolution loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Spectroscopy
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Optical Instrumentation

    Background:

    • Traditional Raman spectrometers face limitations in light collection efficiency.
    • Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) offers high etendue, improving light throughput.
    • Developing advanced spectroscopic tools is crucial for sensitive chemical analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a new transmission Raman spectrometer based on spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS).
    • To evaluate the performance of the SHS-based Raman spectrometer for analyzing solid samples.
    • To assess the impact of fiber optic coupling on spectral resolution and signal collection.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and construction of a transmission Raman spectrometer incorporating an SHS.

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  • Testing the spectrometer's performance using paracetamol tablet samples.
  • Characterization of light collection capabilities using fiber optic bundles of varying core diameters and numerical apertures.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed spectrometer successfully utilizes the high etendue of SHS to maximize light collection.
    • The instrument demonstrated effective analysis of paracetamol tablet samples.
    • No degradation in spectral resolution was observed across a range of fiber core diameters (0.05 mm to 3 mm) and numerical apertures (0.22).

    Conclusions:

    • The novel SHS-based transmission Raman spectrometer is a viable and high-performance analytical tool.
    • The system's ability to maintain resolution while accepting significant light throughput makes it suitable for various applications.
    • This development advances spectroscopic techniques for efficient and accurate chemical analysis.