Transepithelial transport efficiency of bovine collagen hydrolysates in a human Caco-2 cell line model

Collagen was extracted from raw bovine hide and hydrolyzed by one of three enzymes - Alcalase, Flavourzyme, or trypsin - or by using a combination of two or three of these enzymes. The Alcalase-containing enzymatic hydrolysis treatments generated a greater proportion of hydrolysates with molecular weight (MW) <2kDa (79.8-82.7%). Flavourzyme-containing hydrolysis treatments exhibited the greatest proportion of free amino acids (686-740nmol/mg). The hydrolysates were then subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion, and transport studies were conducted using a Caco-2 cell model. Due to the lower MW profile, the hydrolyzed collagen showed greater resistance to GI digestion and greater transport efficiency than the unhydrolyzed collagen control. Hydrolysates from a dual enzyme mixture - the Alcalase/Flavourzyme combination - generated the greatest transport efficiency across Caco-2 cell monolayers (21.4%), two-fold more than that of the collagen control.