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Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine complications in Iranian children at a University Hospital

M R Bolursaz1, F Lotfian2, A A Velayati3

  • 1Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|February 6, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine complications in children often present as local issues, but disseminated disease, particularly in those with primary immunodeficiency (PID), requires attention. Further research into improved BCG vaccines and vaccination strategies for PID is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the sole available vaccine, yet it can lead to various local and systemic adverse reactions.
  • Understanding BCG complications is crucial for pediatric health and vaccine safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features and treatment of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) complications in pediatric patients.
  • To identify patterns and risk factors associated with BCG vaccine adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study enrolled children diagnosed with local or disseminated BCG complications.
  • Data collection occurred at Masih Daneshvari Medical Center between March 2013 and September 2015.
  • Clinical and laboratory findings were used for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 49 children, 71% had local complications and 29% had disseminated disease.
  • Suppurative lymphadenitis was common (71% of local cases).
  • Primary immunodeficiency (PID) was identified in 64% of disseminated cases. Treatment varied from conservative management to medical and surgical interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Local BCG complications are more frequent in children, but disseminated disease, often linked to PID, is also a concern.
  • Current vaccination programs may need adjustments for children with suspected PID.
  • Development of improved BCG vaccines is recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bacillus Calmette–GuerinComplicationsDisseminatedLymphadenitis

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