Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

42.4K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
42.4K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

23.5K
23.5K
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

9.8K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
9.8K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

3.5K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
3.5K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

4.0K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
4.0K
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

8.0K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
8.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Geo-Mapping Using In-Hospital Massive Transfusion Data as a Method for Prehospital Blood Management for Trauma Patients.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026
Same author

A Retrospective Audit of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Patients Who Are Optimised for Discharge at a Tertiary Medical Centre.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Trauma critical care in trauma patients during large-scale combat operations: An unresolved capability gap.

The journal of trauma and acute care surgery·2026
Same author

Primary repair for retroperitoneal rectal injuries in modern warfare: selective progress, not dogma.

Trauma surgery & acute care open·2026
Same author

Impact of physical activity on atrial fibrillation recurrence following catheter ablation.

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing·2026
Same author

Clinical Predictors of Recurrent Cavotricuspid Isthmus Flutter After Catheter Ablation in Patients With Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries.

Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
09:34

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

8.0K

Sequence-structure relations of biopolymers.

Christopher Barrett1, Fenix W Huang1, Christian M Reidys1

  • 1Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|February 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces structural semantics to analyze RNA sequences, revealing patterns missed by traditional alignment methods. This approach enhances the understanding of sequence-structure correlations in molecular biology.

More Related Videos

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

13.5K
Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides
13:19

Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides

Published on: June 2, 2022

4.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
09:34

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

Published on: February 6, 2020

8.0K
Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
07:26

Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

Published on: November 21, 2013

13.5K
Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides
13:19

Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides

Published on: June 2, 2022

4.2K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • DNA is transcribed into single-stranded RNA, which adopts specific molecular structures.
  • Conventional sequence alignment may not capture all relevant information within DNA and RNA sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between sequence and structure information in RNA.
  • To introduce 'structural semantics' as a novel interpretation of sequence data.
  • To identify general patterns in DNA and RNA sequences beyond traditional alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Computation of the partition function for sequences with respect to a fixed structure.
  • Connection of this computation to the mutual information of sequence-structure pairs for RNA secondary structures.
  • Development and application of a Boltzmann sampler to determine the a priori probability of specific sequence patterns.

Main Results:

  • Detailed analysis of three PDB structures (2JXV, 2N3R, 1EHZ) to localize specific sequence patterns.
  • Contrast of energy spectra between Boltzmann-sampled sequences and those refolding into the same structure.
  • Derivation of a criterion for identifying native RNA structures.
  • Demonstration that multiple sequences with similar mutual information can exist for a single structure, yet be poorly aligned.

Conclusions:

  • Structural semantics offers a complementary approach to sequence alignment for discovering embedded patterns in RNA.
  • The findings suggest that traditional alignment methods may overlook significant biological information.
  • This work provides a new framework for interpreting sequence-structure relationships in nucleic acids.