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Geo-Mapping Using In-Hospital Massive Transfusion Data as a Method for Prehospital Blood Management for Trauma

Nicolle K Barmettler1, Coulter Knapp1, Ashley A Raposo-Hadley1

  • 1From the Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE (Barmettler, Knapp, Raposo-Hadley, Kemp, Barrett, Maginot, Boever, Evans, Henry).

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This summary is machine-generated.

Geo-mapping massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activations effectively identifies areas with high prehospital whole blood (PHWB) needs in trauma patients. This approach aids in planning equitable and cost-effective PHWB distribution.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Public Health Preparedness

Background:

  • Prehospital whole blood (PHWB) transfusion is vital for trauma patients but faces resource scarcity.
  • Identifying optimal candidates for PHWB is crucial for efficient resource allocation.
  • Massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activation may indicate a need for PHWB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if MTP activation can serve as a surrogate marker for PHWB need in trauma patients.
  • To utilize geo-mapping to identify high-need zones for PHWB transfusion.
  • To inform strategic planning for PHWB programs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of trauma registry data from five centers in Omaha and Lincoln, Nebraska (2019-2025).
  • Collection of assault and motor vehicle crash (MVC) data from official databases.
  • Geo-mapping of MTP incidence, assaults, and MVCs to identify high-need zones.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-square tests and Pearson/Spearman correlations.

Main Results:

  • A total of 427 MTP patients were analyzed (338 Omaha, 89 Lincoln).
  • Geo-mapping indicated higher PHWB demand in downtown areas of both cities.
  • Significant associations were found between MTP incidence and geographic areas (Omaha: χ² = 741.22, p < 0.001; Lincoln: χ² = 43.75, p < 0.001).
  • Positive linear correlations were observed between MTP incidence and overall trauma incidence.

Conclusions:

  • Geo-mapping MTP data strongly correlates with known trauma incidence, validating MTP activation as a PHWB need indicator.
  • This method provides a novel approach for cities to plan PHWB programs.
  • It supports equitable and cost-effective distribution of scarce blood resources by identifying high-need zones.