Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 7, 2026
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Indocyanine Green Fluorescence: Choledochoscopic Stone Extraction and Primary Duct Suture
Published on: November 25, 2025
Safety and efficacy of a novel continuous incision technique for laparoscopic transcystic choledocholithotomy
Tetsuya Otani1, Naoyuki Yokoyama1, Daisuke Sato1
1Department of Surgery, Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel continuous incision technique for the cystic duct and the bile duct over the orifice for laparoscopic transcystic choledocholithotomy (LTCL).
Methods:
LTCL was attempted in 103 consecutive patients from January 1998 to March 2015 and was successful in 96 patients. The cystic duct confluence was made by cutting upward from the orifice in 19 patients. The cystic duct was incised downward beyond the orifice to the bile duct in the other 77 patients. Both of these procedures involved LTCL.
Results:
LTCL was successful in 96 patients. It failed in seven patients because of large bile duct stones (BDS), left lateral entry of the cystic duct, or the cystic duct's small diameter. The success rates of LTCL were 98% (47/48), 96% (42/44), and 64% (7/11) for patients with BDS <10 mm, 10-20 mm, and ≥20 mm, respectively. The success rate for removing BDS <20 mm was significantly higher than the removal rate for BDS ≥20 mm (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the incidences of complications associated with BDS ≥10 mm and with BDS <10 mm (P = 0.49). In those who underwent successful LTCL, complications occurred in 3 of 23 patients with failed preoperative duodenoscopic sphincterotomy and in 9 of the other 73 patients; the incidence of complications did not significantly differ between these groups (P = 0.93).
Conclusion:
LTCL is safe and feasible for exploration of the bile duct and removal of BDS <20 mm.
