Coaxial electrospinning multicomponent functional controlled-release vascular graft: Optimization of graft properties

Small diameter vascular grafts possessing desirable biocompatibility and suitable mechanical properties have become an urgent clinic demand. Herein, heparin loaded fibrous grafts of collagen/chitosan/poly(l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) were successfully fabricated via coaxial electrospinning. By controlling the concentration of heparin and the ratio of collagen/chitosan/PLCL, most grafts had the heparin encapsulation efficiency higher than 70%, and the heparin presented sustained release for more than 45 days. Particularly, such multicomponent grafts had relative low initial burst release, and after heparin releasing for 3 weeks, the grafts still showed good anti-platelet adhesion ability. In addition, along with the excellent cell biocompatibility, the fabricated grafts possessed suitable mechanical properties including good tensile strength, suture retention strength, burst pressure and compliance which could well match the native blood vessels. Thus, the optimized graft properties could be properly addressed for vascular tissue application via coaxial electrospinning.