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Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

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Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and...
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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

In Situ Detection and Single Cell Quantification of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Nuclear Microprobe Analysis
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Extracting Metallic Nanoparticles from Soils for Quantitative Analysis: Method Development Using Engineered Silver

D M Schwertfeger1, Jessica R Velicogna1, Alexander H Jesmer1

  • 1Biological Assessment and Standardization, Environment Canada , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Analytical Chemistry
|February 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A new method efficiently disperses soil particles and isolates nanoparticulate silver (AgNPs) for analysis. This technique aids in assessing the environmental fate and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials in soils.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Assessing engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in soil is crucial for understanding their environmental fate and toxicity.
  • Current methods for dispersing soil particles and isolating ENMs are inefficient and lack standardization.
  • This hinders accurate characterization and risk assessment of metallic ENMs in soil.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an efficient, standardized method for extracting nanoparticulate silver (AgNPs) from contaminated soil.
  • To prepare a suitable suspension of AgNPs for quantitative single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (SP-ICP-MS) analysis.
  • To establish a benchmark for the dispersible nanoparticulate fraction of ENMs in soil.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated various soil extraction and extract preparation techniques, including different reagents (TSPP, TMAH), ratios, and homogenization methods.
  • Employed ultrasonication for particle dispersion and sedimentation for separating micro- and nanoparticles.
  • Assessed extraction efficacy by analyzing dissolved/particulate Ag mass ratios and monitoring Ag mass in discrete particles.

Main Results:

  • An optimal method using 2.5 mM tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) at a 1:100 (m/v) soil-to-reagent ratio with ultrasonication and sedimentation was identified.
  • Spiked-sample recovery demonstrated high total Ag mass recovery (96% ± 2%) and particle recovery (84.1%).
  • A soil dilution experiment confirmed consistent extraction of nanoparticulate Ag (9.2% ± 1.4% of total Ag) across varying soil concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides an efficient and standardized approach for dispersing soil particles and extracting nanoparticulate Ag.
  • The technique minimizes procedural artifacts, ensuring reliable characterization of ENMs in soil.
  • This method offers a benchmark for quantitative comparisons and supports further research on ENM fate and toxicity.