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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Localizing Age-Related Changes in Brain Structure Using Voxel-Based Morphometry.

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Human brain gray matter volume (GMV) declines linearly with age from childhood to young adulthood. This study maps GMV changes, identifying early declines in specific regions like the olfactory cortex and precuneus.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Human brain development continues into early adulthood.
  • Understanding normative gray matter changes is crucial for identifying neurodevelopmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the dynamic anatomical sequence of human cortical gray matter development.
  • To investigate age-related changes in gray matter volume (GMV) from childhood to young adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used on 91 healthy individuals aged 6-26 years.
  • Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and region-of-interest (ROI)-based methods were employed to measure GMV.
  • Linear regression analysis assessed age effects on GMV, white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes.

Main Results:

  • Earliest GMV loss was observed in the left olfactory cortex, right precuneus, caudate, left putamen, pallidum, and left middle temporal gyrus.
  • A linear decline in GMV was noted in cortical and subcortical regions, with the parietal lobe and basal ganglia showing the most significant loss.
  • Gray matter (GM) volume showed a linear decrease with age, while white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes linearly increased.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support previous research on normal brain development and regional cortical maturation.
  • The study provides a detailed map of normative gray matter development, aiding in the understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders.