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Related Concept Videos

Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

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Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

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Classical conditioning, a fundamental principle of associative learning, explains various phenomena observed in daily life, such as fear development, the placebo effect, taste aversion, and drug habituation. These applications demonstrate the profound impact of associative learning on human behavior and physiological responses.
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Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
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Blocking effects in non-conditioned goal-directed behaviour.

Ann-Kathrin Stock1, Krutika Gohil2, Christian Beste2

  • 1Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany. ann-kathrin.stock@uniklinikum-dresden.de.

Brain Structure & Function
|February 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blocking, a phenomenon where the brain ignores redundant information, applies to non-conditioned goal-directed behavior, not just learned associations. Prior experiences significantly shape our responses, making it hard to change established behaviors.

Keywords:
Blocking effectCognitive controlEEGGoal-directed behaviourLearningSource localization

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Psychology

Background:

  • Goal-directed behavior relies on stimulus-response (S-R) associations.
  • The 'blocking effect' typically prevents redundant information from influencing established S-R associations in conditioned behavior.
  • Action control theories propose that all information is considered during action selection, even in non-conditioned behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the blocking effect extends to non-conditioned goal-directed behavior.
  • To examine the influence of prior experience on information processing during action selection.
  • To challenge existing action control theories regarding information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a stop-change task in both redundant and non-redundant versions.
  • Employed behavioral and electrophysiological data collection from healthy young adults.
  • Administered tasks in a counter-balanced order to control for learning effects.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that blocking is a general mechanism applicable to non-conditioned goal-directed behavior.
  • Observed altered response selection processes in the medial frontal cortex due to blocking.
  • Found faster responses and reduced central P3 amplitudes (anterior cingulate cortex activity) under blocking conditions.
  • Confirmed that preceding attentional processes were unaffected by blocking.

Conclusions:

  • Blocking is not limited to conditioned behaviors but is a general mechanism influencing goal-directed actions.
  • Prior experiences exert a strong influence on information selection for response formation.
  • The findings challenge current action control theories and explain the difficulty in modifying established behaviors.