Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

92.2K
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
92.2K
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

8.5K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
8.5K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

8.0K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
8.0K
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

12.1K
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
12.1K
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

14.8K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
14.8K
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

4.5K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Biliary Obstruction Secondary to Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Presenting as Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis.

Case reports in gastrointestinal medicine·2026
Same author

The Proteomic Profile of Adults With a Fontan Circulation.

JACC. Advances·2026
Same author

ASO Visual Abstract: The Full Scope-Standardization of the Use of Endoscopy for Earlier Diagnosis of Stomach Cancer in the United States.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

The Full Scope: Standardization of the Use of Endoscopy for Earlier Diagnosis of Stomach Cancer in the USA.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Esophageal varices detection and bleeding risk assessment with artificial intelligence: a systematic review.

iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights·2026
Same author

Incarcerated Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy are at Increased Risk of Inadequate Bowel Preparation.

Journal of general internal medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes
10:19

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Published on: January 10, 2011

21.9K

Sumo Modification of Ion Channels.

Mark Benson1, Jorge A Iñiguez-Lluhí1, Jeffrey Martens2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sumoylation, a protein modification, is now known to regulate ion channels outside the nucleus. This finding reveals new roles for sumoylation in controlling cell functions at the membrane.

Keywords:
Ligand-gated channelsPotassium channelsVoltage-gated channels

More Related Videos

Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells
15:28

Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells

Published on: October 1, 2010

18.0K
Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components
10:14

Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components

Published on: February 8, 2011

13.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes
10:19

Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Published on: January 10, 2011

21.9K
Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells
15:28

Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of Ion Channels Heterologously Expressed in Mammalian Cells

Published on: October 1, 2010

18.0K
Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components
10:14

Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components

Published on: February 8, 2011

13.9K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Physiology

Background:

  • Sumoylation is a post-translational modification primarily known for regulating nuclear proteins.
  • Extranuclear sumoylation is less understood, with a limited number of identified targets.
  • Ion channels are crucial for cellular functions, including membrane excitability, muscle contraction, and neuronal firing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emerging role of sumoylation in the regulation of extranuclear proteins.
  • To explore the function of sumoylation in modulating ion channel activity.
  • To expand the known roles of sumoylation beyond nuclear functions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on sumoylation and ion channels.
  • Analysis of identified extranuclear sumoylated proteins.
  • Examination of experimental evidence linking sumoylation to ion channel function.

Main Results:

  • Sumoylation is increasingly recognized as a regulator of proteins located outside the cell nucleus.
  • Ion channels represent a significant class of extranuclear proteins that undergo sumoylation.
  • Evidence suggests sumoylation modulates ion channel function at the cytoplasmic face of membranes.

Conclusions:

  • Sumoylation plays a critical role in regulating ion channel function at the cell membrane.
  • This modification extends the known functional repertoire of sumoylation, highlighting its importance in cellular homeostasis and excitability.
  • Further research into extranuclear sumoylation is warranted to fully elucidate its physiological significance.