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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

94
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

8.0K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
8.0K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

102
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
102
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

80
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Factors Affecting the Safety and Effectiveness of Venom Immunotherapy.

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ALERGODATA: Sentinel Registry of Health Outcomes in Allergic Patients Treated With Biological Therapies at Specialized Allergology Clinics in Spain.

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The Lights and the Shadows of Controlled Sting Challenge With Hymenoptera.

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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Key Issues in Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: An Update.

T Alfaya Arias1, V Soriano Gómis2, T Soto Mera3

  • 1Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|February 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers recent advances in diagnosing hymenoptera (insect sting) allergy and managing venom immunotherapy. It highlights molecular diagnostics, new allergens, and the diagnostic challenge of mast cell activation syndrome in venom anaphylaxis.

Keywords:
HymenopteraMastocytosisMolecular diagnosisPolistes dominulaVenom immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Hymenoptera venom allergy poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Recent advancements necessitate updated clinical guidelines for diagnosis and management.
  • Emerging allergens and related conditions require careful consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest scientific literature on hymenoptera allergy diagnosis and venom immunotherapy.
  • To address the role of molecular diagnostics and risk profiles.
  • To discuss new allergenic species and mast cell activation syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches, including molecular methods.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies for venom immunotherapy.
  • Examination of emerging hymenoptera species and related syndromes.

Main Results:

  • Molecular diagnosis and risk profiles are crucial for accurate hymenoptera allergy assessment.
  • New potentially allergenic hymenoptera species present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in Spain.
  • Mast cell activation syndrome is increasingly recognized and poses a diagnostic challenge in venom anaphylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Updated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are essential for managing hymenoptera allergy.
  • Molecular diagnostics offer improved precision in risk assessment.
  • Mast cell activation syndrome requires further investigation and tailored management in allergic patients.