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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

27
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.5K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

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2.8K
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

9.2K
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

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Resonance and Hybrid Structures02:16

Resonance and Hybrid Structures

28.2K
According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
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Ultrafast Structure Switching through Nonlinear Phononics.

D M Juraschek1, M Fechner1, N A Spaldin1

  • 1Materials Theory, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters
|February 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultrafast control of material structure is achieved using nonlinear phononics. A novel trilinear coupling mechanism allows light polarization to direct transient lattice distortions in perovskites.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state physics
  • Materials science
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • Controlling material properties with light is crucial for advanced technologies.
  • Nonlinear phononics offers pathways for ultrafast manipulation of crystal lattices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel mechanism for ultrafast, coherent, and directional control of transient structural distortions.
  • To investigate the role of phonon coupling in light-induced lattice dynamics.
  • To explore the potential for nonlinear phononic switching in perovskite materials.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory calculations to determine structural properties.
  • An anharmonic phonon model to simulate response to pulsed optical excitation.
  • Analysis of trilinear coupling between infrared-active and Raman-active phonons.

Main Results:

  • Identified a trilinear coupling mechanism involving two orthogonal infrared-active phonons and one Raman-active phonon.
  • Demonstrated that light polarization dictates the direction of transient lattice distortion.
  • Observed a novel nonlinear phononic switching effect.

Conclusions:

  • The discovered trilinear coupling provides a new method for directional control of lattice distortions.
  • This mechanism is proposed to be a universal feature in orthorhombic and tetragonal perovskites due to symmetry.
  • Findings open avenues for ultrafast optical switching applications in functional materials.