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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures
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Modeling and validating HL7 FHIR profiles using semantic web Shape Expressions (ShEx).

Harold R Solbrig1, Eric Prud'hommeaux2, Grahame Grieve3

  • 1Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Informatics
|February 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Shape Expressions (ShEx) effectively models and validates Health Level Seven (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) data in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. This approach aids in standardizing FHIR RDF representations and identifying implementation errors.

Keywords:
HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)Quality assuranceResource Description Framework (RDF)Semantic web technologyShape Expressions (ShEx)

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Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Semantic Web Technologies
  • Data Modeling

Background:

  • HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is an evolving standard for electronic health information exchange.
  • FHIR data can be represented in XML, JSON, and is being developed for Resource Description Framework (RDF) format.
  • Shape Expressions (ShEx) is a formal language for RDF data constraints, considered for FHIR RDF representation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a transformation method for creating ShEx schemas from FHIR models.
  • To assess the utility of ShEx for describing and validating FHIR data in RDF format.

Main Methods:

  • Developed tools to generate ShEx schemas from the FHIR to RDF specification.
  • Evaluated ShEx's applicability in describing and validating FHIR to RDF transformations.
  • Incorporated algorithmic transformations into the FHIR build process.

Main Results:

  • ShEx models facilitated workgroup consensus on FHIR to RDF specifications.
  • Validated 511 FHIR RDF data examples using ShEx schemas for 109 FHIR resources.
  • Uncovered specification issues and identified 10 types of implementation errors.
  • FHIR ShEx representations were integrated into official FHIR web pages.

Conclusions:

  • ShEx is effective for defining and validating FHIR resource syntax, complementing RDFS and OWL for semantic validation.
  • ShEx provides a formal model and succinct format for comprehensive review and automated validation of FHIR RDF data.