A case of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a second renal transplant

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) has gained increased visibility over several years as an important cause of renal failure. Unfortunately, diagnosis is often difficult because individual courses can be highly variable depending the causative genetic mutations. Here we present the case of a patient with a failed renal allograft and acute failure of a second allograft who was ultimately diagnosed with aHUS. Interestingly, he developed early de novo donor specific antibodies (DSA) after the second renal transplant in context of likely recurrent aHUS. Terminal complement inhibition with eculizumab resulted in prompt improvement of renal allograft function.