Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

642
Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
642
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

500
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
500
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

307
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
307
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

507
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
507
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

382
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
382
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

6.4K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
6.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Brief Review of MicroRNA Profiling in Human Prostate Cancer Tissues and Plasma.

Biomolecules·2025
Same author

Comparison of Robot-Assisted Versus Open Partial Nephrectomy for Treating Renal Malignancies With An Emphasis on Oncological Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of The Literature.

Current urology reports·2025
Same author

Insertion of a Foreign Body Into the Urethra: A Report of a Rare Case.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Post-Chemotherapy Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Metastatic Testicular Cancer at a National Referral Centre.

Cancers·2025
Same author

Prostate artery embolization as an effective treatment for clinically significant prostate cancer‑related hemorrhage: A case report.

Experimental and therapeutic medicine·2024
Same author

A Brief Overview of Cholinergic and Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors in Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

4.1K

Do Calcium Supplements Predispose to Urolithiasis?

Diomidis Kozyrakis1, Dionysios Paridis2, Anastasios Karatzas3

  • 1Department of Urology, General Hospital of Volos "Achillopoulio", 134 Polymeri Str., 38222, Volos, Magnesia, Greece. dkozirakis@yahoo.gr.

Current Urology Reports
|February 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Calcium supplements, with or without vitamin D, do not increase urinary stone risk in osteoporotic women or healthy men. However, healthy women may face a long-term risk, especially without accompanying meals.

Keywords:
Calcium supplementsLithiasisOsteoporosisUrinary stonesVitamin D

More Related Videos

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
11:30

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.6K
A Calcium Phosphate-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model
05:14

A Calcium Phosphate-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model

Published on: November 18, 2022

4.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

4.1K
A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
11:30

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.6K
A Calcium Phosphate-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model
05:14

A Calcium Phosphate-Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model

Published on: November 18, 2022

4.6K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Calcium and vitamin D supplements are widely used for bone health.
  • Their potential impact on urinary stone (lithiasis) formation requires clarification.
  • Existing research presents conflicting evidence regarding supplement-induced lithiasis risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of calcium supplements, with or without vitamin D, in urinary stone formation.
  • To assess risks in both healthy populations and osteoporotic patients.
  • To determine dose-dependent associations between supplements and lithiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases up to September 2015.
  • Inclusion of all study types: cohort studies, reviews, and meta-analyses.
  • Keywords: calcium, supplements, vitamin D, complications, lithiasis, urinary stone.

Main Results:

  • Calcium supplements, particularly with anti-osteoporotic treatment, do not predispose osteoporotic women or healthy older men to lithiasis.
  • Healthy postmenopausal and younger women may have increased long-term susceptibility to urinary stone formation.
  • Supplement consumption with meals may be protective; citrate-containing supplements show potential benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Osteoporotic women and healthy men are not at increased risk of urinary stone formation from calcium supplements.
  • Healthy women should be aware of a potential long-term risk of lithiasis.
  • Further research into optimal calcium supplement formulations and intake timing is warranted.