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MicroRNAs in Lung Development and Disease

Dustin Ameis1, Naghmeh Khoshgoo1, Barbara M Iwasiow1

  • 1Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Child Health and Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, and The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|February 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules regulating gene expression. This review explores their crucial roles in pediatric respiratory conditions like asthma and cystic fibrosis.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Their function involves inhibiting messenger RNA (mRNA) targets.
  • Understanding miRNA roles in lung development and disease is an emerging research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of miRNA involvement in pediatric respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the significance of miRNAs in conditions such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications.
  • Synthesis of research findings on miRNA functions in pediatric lung diseases.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs play significant regulatory roles in lung development.
  • Dysregulation of specific miRNAs is implicated in the pathogenesis of pediatric respiratory diseases.
  • Evidence suggests miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are critical regulators in pediatric respiratory health and disease.
  • Further research into miRNA mechanisms is essential for developing novel treatments for conditions like cystic fibrosis, asthma, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Keywords:
MicroRNAsasthmabronchopulmonary dysplasiacystic fibrosisgene expressionlung development

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