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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Published on: October 22, 2020

Smoking does not influence disability accumulation in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

O Javizian¹, L M Metz¹, S Deighton¹

¹Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

European Journal of Neurology

|February 28, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cigarette smoking does not appear to worsen disability progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Age at disease onset is a more significant factor in PPMS progression than smoking status.

Keywords:

cigarette smoking disability accumulation multiple sclerosis natural history primary progressive multiple sclerosis progression risk factors smoking

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Published on: January 16, 2015

Area of Science:

Neurology
Epidemiology

Background:

Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and influences disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS.
The impact of smoking on disease progression in primary progressive MS (PPMS) remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and disability accumulation in patients with primary progressive MS.
To determine if smoking influences the rate of disability progression in PPMS.

Main Methods:

Utilized Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazard modeling.
Analyzed data from 416 patients with PPMS and available smoking history.
Assessed the risk of reaching Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4 and 6, and time from EDSS 4 to 6.

Main Results:

No significant difference in time to reach EDSS 4 or EDSS 6 between ever-smokers and never-smokers.
Smokers did not exhibit a faster progression to EDSS 4, EDSS 6, or from EDSS 4 to 6.
Age at disease onset emerged as the strongest predictor of disability progression.

Conclusions:

Cigarette smoking does not appear to influence disability accumulation in primary progressive MS.
Findings suggest PPMS may involve different pathological mechanisms compared to relapsing-remitting MS.