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Related Concept Videos

Exocytosis00:50

Exocytosis

9.7K
Exocytosis is a process that releases molecules outside the cell. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
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Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

74.3K
Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
74.3K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

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Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

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Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

9.8K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis01:18

Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis

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Vesicular transport is a cellular process that encompasses the engulfment of particles or dissolved substances by cells. It involves endocytosis, transcytosis, and exocytosis.
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to create vesicles that capture and transport large drug molecules. This process comprises two distinct methods: pinocytosis (often referred to as "cell drinking") and phagocytosis (often referred to as "cell...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Quantifying Spatiotemporal Parameters of Cellular Exocytosis in Micropatterned Cells
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Quantifying Spatiotemporal Parameters of Cellular Exocytosis in Micropatterned Cells

Published on: September 16, 2020

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Polarized Exocytosis.

Jingwen Zeng1, Shanshan Feng2, Bin Wu1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6018.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polarized exocytosis directs vesicles to specific cell membrane sites. Understanding this process, involving molecular machinery and signaling molecules like Rho GTPases, is key for cell biology and disease research.

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Automated Detection and Analysis of Exocytosis
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Lateral Diffusion and Exocytosis of Membrane Proteins in Cultured Neurons Assessed using Fluorescence Recovery and Fluorescence-loss Photobleaching

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Quantifying Spatiotemporal Parameters of Cellular Exocytosis in Micropatterned Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Polarized exocytosis is a fundamental cellular process involving directed vesicle transport.
  • It is crucial for various physiological functions, including neuronal signaling and cell migration.
  • The process relies on the intricate interplay of membrane trafficking, cytoskeleton, and regulatory signaling molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying polarized exocytosis.
  • To highlight the role of Rho family GTPases in orchestrating this process.
  • To underscore the importance of understanding polarized exocytosis for various pathophysiological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the molecular machinery involved in vesicular transport.
  • Examined the role of the cytoskeleton in directing vesicle movement.
  • Analyzed the function of Rho family GTPases as key regulators.

Main Results:

  • Identified key components of the membrane trafficking machinery.
  • Demonstrated the coordinated action of cytoskeleton and signaling molecules.
  • Highlighted the specific roles of Rho GTPases in targeting vesicles.

Conclusions:

  • Polarized exocytosis is a complex, multi-step process essential for cellular function.
  • Rho family GTPases play a critical role in regulating directed vesicle transport.
  • Further understanding of these mechanisms is vital for addressing diseases involving abnormal cell polarization.