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Molecular and Histopathological Changes Associated with Keratoconus.

Mariam Lotfy Khaled1, Inas Helwa1, Michelle Drewry1

  • 1Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.

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|March 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal disease causing vision loss. This review details KC

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Diseases
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal thinning disorder.
  • It leads to visual impairment via ectasia, opacity, and irregular astigmatism.
  • KC is a primary indication for corneal transplantation in Western nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the histopathological changes in corneal layers affected by KC.
  • To discuss differentially expressed proteins in KC corneas.
  • To highlight molecular defects and identify research avenues for KC prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on KC histopathology.
  • Analysis of protein expression differences in KC corneas.

Main Results:

  • Histopathological structural changes occur in all corneal layers except the endothelium in KC.
  • Specific proteins are differentially expressed in KC-affected corneas, indicating molecular defects.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding KC's histopathological and molecular features is crucial.
  • Further research into these defects may lead to novel prevention and therapeutic strategies for keratoconus.