Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

669
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
669
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

3.1K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhanced influenza A H1N1 T cell epitope recognition and cross-reactivity to protein-O-mannosyltransferase 1 in Pandemrix-associated narcolepsy type 1.

Nature communications·2021
Same author

Fibromyalgia is often connected with disability pension: a very long-term follow-up study in Finland.

Scandinavian journal of rheumatology·2020
Same author

Knockout of histamine receptor H3 alters adaptation to sudden darkness and monoamine levels in the zebrafish.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2017
Same author

Sleeping difficulties and health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease.

Acta neurologica Scandinavica·2016
Same author

A coordinated cross-disciplinary research initiative to address an increased incidence of narcolepsy following the 2009-2010 Pandemrix vaccination programme in Sweden.

Journal of internal medicine·2015
Same author

Interactions of the orexin/hypocretin neurones and the histaminergic system.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro
16:13

Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro

Published on: June 13, 2011

20.5K

Narcolepsy patients' blood-based miRNA expression profiling: miRNA expression differences with Pandemrix vaccination.

N Mosakhani1, V Sarhadi1, P Panula2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|March 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Narcolepsy, a sleep disorder, showed altered microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns. Specific miRNAs were linked to narcolepsy and Pandemrix vaccination, offering insights into the disorder's mechanisms.

Keywords:
Pandemrix vaccinemiRNAnarcolepsy

More Related Videos

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR
09:26

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

Published on: January 22, 2014

16.0K
Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
13:36

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

20.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro
16:13

Modeling Neural Immune Signaling of Episodic and Chronic Migraine Using Spreading Depression In Vitro

Published on: June 13, 2011

20.5K
Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR
09:26

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

Published on: January 22, 2014

16.0K
Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
13:36

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

20.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Narcolepsy is a neurological sleep disorder with excessive daytime sleepiness.
  • An increase in narcolepsy cases was observed in children and adolescents vaccinated with the Pandemrix vaccine in Finland and Sweden.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are implicated in various biological processes and diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific miRNAs involved in narcolepsy.
  • To investigate the association between miRNA expression and Pandemrix vaccination in narcolepsy patients.
  • To explore potential mechanisms underlying narcolepsy pathogenesis related to miRNA dysregulation.

Main Methods:

  • Global miRNA profiling using miRNA microarrays.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) for verification of miRNA expression.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression in 20 narcolepsy patients (Pandemrix-associated and non-associated) and 17 controls (vaccinated and non-vaccinated).

Main Results:

  • Eleven miRNAs were differentially expressed between all narcolepsy patients and controls.
  • Seventeen miRNAs showed significant differential expression between Pandemrix-non-associated narcolepsy patients and non-vaccinated healthy controls.
  • MiR-188-5p and miR-4499 were over-expressed in narcolepsy patients, while miR-1470 and miR-4455 were under-expressed in Pandemrix-associated narcolepsy patients compared to Pandemrix-non-associated patients.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct miRNA expression patterns were identified in narcolepsy patients.
  • These miRNA alterations are potentially linked to mRNA targets involved in brain-related pathways and neurological disorders.
  • The findings suggest a role for specific miRNAs in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy, possibly influenced by Pandemrix vaccination.