The impact of object type on the spatial analogies in Korean preschoolers

We tested young children's spatial reasoning in a match-to-sample task, manipulating the objects in the task (abstract geometric shapes, line drawings of realistic objects, or both). Korean 4- and 5-year-old children (N=161) generalized the target spatial configuration (i.e., on, in, above) more easily when the sample used geometric shapes and the choices used realistic objects than the reverse (i.e., realistic-object sample to geometric-shape choices). With within-type stimuli (i.e., sample and choices were both geometric shapes or both realistic objects), 5-year-old, but not 4-year-old, children generalized the spatial relations more easily with geometric shapes than realistic objects. In addition, children who knew more locative terms (e.g., "in", "on") performed better on the task, suggesting a link to children's spatial vocabulary. The results demonstrate an advantage of geometric shapes over realistic objects in facilitating young children's performance on a match-to-sample spatial reasoning task.