Effects of functional level on balance in children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Biomechanical Analysis

Background:

• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder affecting muscle strength and function.
• Balance impairments are a significant concern in children with DMD, impacting mobility and quality of life.
• Understanding how functional levels in DMD correlate with balance deficits is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare static and dynamic balance in children with DMD across different functional levels.
• To evaluate balance parameters in DMD patients relative to healthy controls.
• To investigate the relationship between functional classification and balance performance in DMD.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 69 children (ages 6-11) was studied, including 52 with DMD (Levels I, II, III) and 17 healthy controls.
• Balance was assessed using the Pediatric Functional Reach Test (PFRT) for static balance and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) for dynamic balance.
• Statistical analysis compared balance measures between DMD functional levels and healthy peers.

Main Results:

• Significant differences in dynamic balance (TUGT) were observed between all DMD functional levels and between each DMD level and healthy peers (p < 0.0083).
• Static balance (PFRT) showed a significant difference only between DMD Level 3 and healthy peers (p < 0.0083).
• No significant static balance differences were found between other DMD groups or between lower DMD levels and healthy peers.

Conclusions:

• Functional level in DMD significantly affects both dynamic and static balance parameters.
• Children with DMD at Level 3 demonstrate markedly reduced dynamic balance, approximately one-third that of healthy peers.
• These findings highlight the progressive nature of balance deterioration in DMD and the need for functional-level specific management strategies.