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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Inducible Control of mRNA Transport Using Reprogrammable RNA-Binding Proteins.

Zhanar Abil1, Laura F Gumy2, Huimin Zhao1,3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|March 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed a new system to control messenger RNA (mRNA) localization within cells using the PUF-assisted localization of RNA (PULR) system. This method enables targeted mRNA transport, offering new ways to study gene expression and cellular functions.

Keywords:
Pumilio and fem3 mRNA-binding factor (PUF)RNA-binding proteins (RBP)dyneinkinesinmRNA transport

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • mRNA localization is crucial for key cellular processes including embryogenesis, motility, and neurological functions.
  • Controlling mRNA localization offers a novel method for regulating gene expression and investigating cellular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a synthetic system for precise control over mRNA localization within eukaryotic cells.
  • To leverage the cell's natural transport machinery for targeted mRNA repositioning.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the PUF-assisted localization of RNA (PULR) system.
  • Utilizing cytoskeletal motor proteins for ligand-dependent mRNA transport along the microtubular network.
  • Employing reprogrammable Pumilio and FBF homology (PUF) domains for targeting endogenous mRNA.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated ligand-dependent mRNA transport towards specific poles of cultured cells.
  • Successfully repositioned untagged endogenous mRNA in primary neurons using the PULR system.
  • Showcased the versatility of the PULR system with different cellular motors.

Conclusions:

  • The PULR system provides a powerful tool for investigating the functional significance of mRNA localization.
  • This technology enables precise control over gene expression through targeted mRNA delivery.
  • The system's adaptability opens avenues for research in developmental biology and neuroscience.