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Atypical sensory sensitivity as a shared feature between synaesthesia and autism
Jamie Ward1, Claire Hoadley1, James E A Hughes1
1School of Psychology and Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Scientific Reports
|March 8, 2017
Summary
Atypical sensory sensitivity, including hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity, is a shared characteristic between synaesthesia and autism spectrum conditions (ASC). This study found similar sensory processing patterns in both groups, suggesting a common link.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Developmental Disorders
Background:
- The link between synaesthesia and autism spectrum conditions (ASC) is suggested but not well-defined.
- Atypical sensory sensitivity is a diagnostic feature of ASC and is also observed in synaesthesia.
- Both conditions may involve cortical hyper-excitability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if atypical sensory sensitivity is a common factor linking synaesthesia and ASC.
- To compare sensory sensitivity patterns in individuals with synaesthesia and ASC.
- To explore the relationship between sensory experiences and autistic traits.
Main Methods:
- The Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire (GSQ) was used to assess sensory sensitivity in synaesthetes and individuals with ASC.
- The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was administered to evaluate autistic traits in synaesthetes.
- A Pattern Glare Test assessed visual stress and sensitivity in synaesthetes.
Main Results:
- Both synaesthetes and individuals with ASC reported significantly increased sensory sensitivity compared to controls.
- Both groups exhibited similar patterns of both hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity across various senses.
- Synaesthetes showed elevated AQ scores, with 'attention to detail' falling within the autistic range.
Conclusions:
- Atypical sensory sensitivity is a significant shared feature between synaesthesia and autism spectrum conditions.
- The findings suggest a common neurodevelopmental basis related to sensory processing in both conditions.
- Further research is warranted to fully characterize the relationship between synaesthesia, autism, and sensory processing.
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