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Composite impulsivity-related domains in college students
Sabin Khadka1, Michael C Stevens2, Farah Aslanzadeh1
1Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford HealthCare Corporation, Hartford, CT, USA.
Journal of Psychiatric Research
|March 9, 2017
Summary
This study identified four key domains of impulsivity in college students, finding them stable over time and linked to mental health conditions. These findings offer a framework for understanding impulsivity and its relation to neuropsychiatric disorders.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Impulsivity is a complex, multidimensional construct with varied definitions.
- Previous research has yielded inconsistent characterizations of impulsivity-related behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To derive and validate composite impulsivity-related domains (CIRDs) using empirical data.
- To establish a more naturalistic framework for understanding impulsivity.
- To explore the relationship between CIRDs and clinical/behavioral characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal assessment of 440 college students using self-report and behavioral measures.
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to derive and validate CIRDs.
- Psychometric analyses and multiple regression to assess stability and associations.
Main Results:
- Four CIRDs were identified: 'Impulsive action', 'Approach/Appetite Motivation', 'Impulsivity/Compulsivity', and 'Experience and thrill seeking/Fearlessness'.
- These CIRDs demonstrated relative stability over a two-year period.
- CIRD profiles were associated with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and substance use symptoms.
Conclusions:
- The empirically-derived CIRDs provide a potential framework for organizing impulsivity constructs.
- This framework may aid in understanding the co-occurrence of distinct impulsivity traits.
- The findings may facilitate future research into the risk and etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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