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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
869
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
953
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

374
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
374
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

550
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
550
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

911
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
911
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

545
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
545

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Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice
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Aerococcus Viridans: A Rare Pathogen Causing Urinary Tract Infection.

Balvinder Mohan1, Kamran Zaman2, Naveen Anand3

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|March 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Aerococci, often misidentified, are emerging pathogens. This report details two rare cases of nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by Aerococcus viridans, highlighting the need for better understanding of this bacterium.

Keywords:
AerococciNosocomialVancomycin

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Aerococci are Gram-positive cocci frequently misidentified in clinical samples.
  • Advancements in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) have revealed aerococci as significant human pathogens.
  • While Aerococcus urinae and Aerococcus sanguinicola are common UTI agents, Aerococcus viridans is rarely reported in urinary tract infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two rare cases of nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Aerococcus viridans.
  • To underscore the importance of accurate identification and understanding of Aerococcus species in clinical settings.
  • To contribute to the growing knowledge base regarding the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance of Aerococcus species.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation of two patients with nosocomial UTIs.
  • Identification of the causative agent using advanced techniques (implied by abstract mentioning MALDI-TOF MS).
  • Review of existing literature on Aerococcus species and UTIs.

Main Results:

  • Two instances of nosocomial urinary tract infections caused by Aerococcus viridans were identified.
  • Aerococcus viridans, typically rare in UTIs, was confirmed as the pathogen in these cases.
  • The findings highlight the potential for Aerococcus viridans to cause healthcare-associated infections.

Conclusions:

  • Aerococcus viridans, though rarely implicated, can cause significant nosocomial urinary tract infections.
  • Accurate identification of Aerococcus species is crucial for appropriate patient management and understanding antimicrobial resistance patterns.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the clinical significance and pathogenic potential of Aerococcus viridans.