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Inhibition difficulties in preterm children: Developmental delay or persistent deficit?

Morgane Réveillon1, Petra S Hüppi2, Koviljka Barisnikov1

  • 1a Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology , University of Geneva , Switzerland.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|March 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Preterm children often show delayed inhibition skills, with some catching up before adolescence. However, interference control issues can persist into early adulthood, impacting executive functions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Executive functions (EFs) are crucial for cognitive control.
  • Preterm birth is associated with challenges in developing EFs, particularly inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and classify studies on response inhibition and interference control in preterm children and adolescents (3-16 years).
  • To discuss findings in relation to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and methodological considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and classification of behavioral studies assessing inhibition.
  • Inclusion of studies utilizing behavioral assessments and fMRI.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral studies indicate a developmental delay in inhibition abilities during early school age.
  • A catch-up in response inhibition is observed before adolescence, with fewer difficulties noted in pre-adolescence.
  • Persistent interference control difficulties are reported extending into early adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm children exhibit a distinct developmental trajectory for inhibition skills.
  • Methodological refinements are necessary to accurately define the developmental course of inhibition in this population.

Keywords:
Assessment toolsInterference controlMaturational delayPrematurityResponse inhibition

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