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The first week after concussion: Blood flow, brain function and white matter microstructure.

Nathan W Churchill1, Michael G Hutchison2, Doug Richards3

  • 1The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1M8, Canada.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|March 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute concussion alters brain imaging markers, but these changes vary significantly within the first week post-injury. Understanding this variability is crucial for interpreting Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data in concussion research.

Keywords:
Cerebral blood flowConcussionDiffusion tensor imagingFunctional MRIMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Concussion presents a significant health concern, causing short-term functional, emotional, and cognitive deficits, and potentially long-term health issues.
  • Characterizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) markers for concussion, especially within the critical first week post-injury, remains an evolving area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate acute concussion's impact on various MRI markers within the first week post-injury.
  • To explore the relationship between the time since injury and observed MRI marker variability in concussed athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized comprehensive functional and structural MRI measures, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), global grey matter functional connectivity (Gconn), white matter fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD).
  • Compared 26 varsity athletes with acute concussion (scanned 1-7 days post-injury) against 26 matched control athletes.

Main Results:

  • Limited widespread differences were found between concussed athletes and controls, with only mean diffusivity (MD) showing extensive group differences.
  • The time elapsed since injury significantly explained inter-subject variability in MRI markers.
  • Early acute injury (1-3 days) showed elevated CBF and Gconn and reduced FA, while late acute injury (5-7 days) exhibited opposite patterns; MD displayed a complex, spatially dependent time course.

Conclusions:

  • MRI marker variability is substantial during the acute phase of concussion.
  • The time interval post-injury is a critical factor influencing acute MRI findings in concussion.
  • These findings have significant implications for the interpretation of acute MRI data and its correlation with concussion outcomes.