Epidemiology of epilepsy surgery in India

Epilepsy surgery in India has seen remarkable advances over the last twenty years. Presently 39 centers are undertaking epilepsy surgeries in India on a regular basis. Out of these, 18 centers have become operational in the last five years. Many of them are well equipped with high end technologies and have expertise to undertake all kinds of epilepsy surgeries. Till July 31st, 2016, approximately 7143 epilepsy surgeries have been performed in India. Presently, 734 epilepsy surgeries are carried out in India every year representing an increase of approximately 58% over the last three and a half years as compared to the previous years. The reported postoperative outcomes from all these centers are comparable to those reported from the well-established centers in high income countries. Still, only 2 in 1000 eligible patients In India undergo epilepsy surgery, because of which, the enormous surgical treatment gap continues to persist. To tackle this, by the year 2020, India should have at least 60 state-level epilepsy surgery centers (with each undertaking at least 50 surgeries per year) and 6 national centers of excellence. Here, we discuss the current prevalence and practice of epilepsy surgery in India and suggest pragmatic steps and solutions to make epilepsy surgery affordable and widely available. The steps also include a framework for the development of a national epilepsy surgery program.