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A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate NMDA Receptor in Blood
Published on: January 9, 2018
Antecedent anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in two patients with multiple sclerosis
A Baheerathan1, W J Brownlee2, D T Chard3
1National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder characterised by psychiatric symptoms, movement disorder and seizures often evolving into a severe encephalopathy. An overlap has recently been recognised between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders, particularly neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this case report, we describe two patients with an initial presentation consistent with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who have subsequently developed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and discuss the literature pertaining to potential overlap between NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders.
Insights
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis can overlap with inflammatory demyelinating disorders. This report details two cases initially presenting as NMDAR encephalitis who later developed multiple sclerosis (MS).
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Autoimmune neurological disorders
Background:
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis presents with psychiatric and neurological symptoms.
- Inflammatory demyelinating disorders, like NMOSD and MS, share some features with NMDAR encephalitis.
Observation:
- Two patients initially diagnosed with NMDAR encephalitis later developed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS).
- This suggests a potential diagnostic challenge and overlap between these conditions.
Findings:
- The cases highlight a possible link between NMDAR encephalitis and the development of MS.
- Review of literature supports the recognition of overlap between NMDAR encephalitis and inflammatory demyelinating disorders.
Implications:
- Further research is needed to understand the relationship between NMDAR encephalitis and MS.
- Recognizing this overlap may improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management for neuroinflammatory conditions.
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