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Investigating TNT loss between sample collection and analysis.

Niamh Nic Daeid1, Holly A Yu2, Matthew S Beardah3

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Forensic analysis of explosives on cotton swabs is crucial. Storing swabs at room temperature exposed to daylight causes rapid TNT loss, impacting detection. Freezer storage preserves explosives traces effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Trace Evidence Analysis

Background:

  • Explosives residues are collected using cotton swabs for forensic analysis.
  • A 2007 proficiency test revealed inconsistent detection of TNT on swabs.
  • This highlights a potential issue in explosives trace evidence preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the reasons for poor explosives detection from cotton swabs.
  • Determine the impact of storage conditions on TNT stability on swabs.
  • Provide insights for improving forensic explosives analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Cotton swabs were spiked with TNT solutions.
  • Samples were stored in nylon bags and glass vials for 1-4 weeks.
  • Storage conditions included freezer, room temperature (dark), and room temperature (daylight).
  • Simulated swab extracts were also analyzed for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Rapid loss of TNT was observed on swabs stored at room temperature exposed to daylight.
  • High recovery rates of TNT were maintained in swabs stored in a freezer.
  • Simulated swab extracts showed consistent high recoveries over time.

Conclusions:

  • Storage conditions significantly affect the stability of TNT on cotton swabs.
  • Daylight exposure at room temperature degrades TNT, leading to detection failures.
  • Freezer storage is recommended for preserving explosives traces on swabs for forensic analysis.