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Virus receptors on lymphoid cells.

G R Nemerow, N R Cooper

    Methods in Enzymology
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Scientists are identifying virus receptors on immune cells, including glycoproteins and lipids. Further research using biochemical and crystallographic methods will uncover more virus-host interactions for better understanding of viral entry.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Advances in isolating and characterizing virus receptors on lymphoreticular cells have been made.
    • Lymphotropic viruses like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) utilize specific membrane glycoproteins as receptors.
    • Non-lymphoid viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), may use glycolipid or phospholipid components for attachment, suggesting broader host cell specificity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of virus receptor identification on lymphoreticular cells.
    • To highlight the diverse nature of viral receptors, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, and phospholipids.
    • To discuss future directions in virus receptor analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of virus receptors.
    • Analysis of viral attachment mechanisms.
    • Anticipated use of biochemical techniques (e.g., chemical cross-linking).
    • Anticipated use of X-ray crystallographic analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Single membrane glycoproteins can function as receptors for lymphotropic viruses.
    • Glycolipid or phospholipid components may mediate broad host cell attachment for non-lymphoid viruses.
    • The precise virus-binding moieties of phospholipid/glycolipid receptors require further elucidation.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant progress has been achieved in identifying virus receptors on immune cells.
    • Diverse molecular components, including glycoproteins and lipids, serve as viral entry points.
    • Advanced techniques are expected to reveal new virus-host interactions and receptor structures.

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