[Role of the homograft bypass in extremity inferior's reconstructions]

Vascular homografts are used for limb salvage in cases of graft infection after previous reconstructive vascular surgery or inadequate autologous veins. During multi-organ donation the thoracic aorta segment, aortic bifurcation, iliac arteries, femoral arteries, popliteal arteries, femoral veins and greater saphenous veins can be harvested. Our aim was to optimize the use of homografts by analyzing the results of previous procedures.

The patient information was processed retrospectively, using the clinical computer system. 162 procedures were performed on 144 patients between 2007 and 2014. The short- and long-term patency, hemorrhagic complication rate, amputation rate and mortality was examined in our study. The location, graft type and length of cryopreservation were taken into consideration. Aortoiliac and femoropopliteal reconstructions with arterial and venous homografts were examined.

The mean age of the patients was 63.6 ± 10.7 years, the mean follow-up period was 36 ± 28 months. The primary patency rates at the postoperative 1, 3 and 6 months were 83.7%, 75.0% and 63.4%. In this study the arterial and deep venous homografts had better primary patency rates compared to the superficial venous homografts: at the postoperative 1, 3, 6 months the arterial homograft results were 85.6%, 78.6% and 74.3%, the greater saphenous vein homograft results were 81.4%, 70.4% and 47.7% in the same intervals.

The reconstructive surgical procedures in septic area mean serious challenge for the vascular surgeons. The AB0 compatibility of the graft and the recipient did not result better long-term outcomes compared to the non-compatible grafts. According to our data the ideal choice of homogenous graft is an arterial homograft which was not cryopreserved longer than 6 months.